Friction-buffer.



UNITED sTaTEs `PATENT oEEIoE.

ERNEST H. SCHMIDT, or CLEVELAND, omo,

FRICTION-BUFFER.

To all whom* at may concern: v

Be it known that l, ERNEST H. SCHMIDT, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Cleveland, 'Cuyahoga county, Qhio, have invented a new' and Improved Friction-Buffer, of which tbe following is a specification, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan, partly in section of my improved mechanismy showingfits appli cation to under-framing of a oar; Fig. is a section on lines HMH of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a section on lines Ill-III of Fig. 1; e: is a section on lines V-IV of Fig. 1; and Fig. .5 is a sectionon lines V--V OfFiggi. j

My invention relates to frictionbuliers for use onpassenge cars andthe like, and lis designed to provide a shock cushion ttor resisting the rearward movement "olilv the butler face of the oar or platform when under bu'tling stress. A,

Referring to the drswii g, the lmlier plate is mounted on three stem and 5,. f each of which stems is aotu l oy springs 6', 7 and rthe chic-f function of all three of these springs is to press the butler forwardly beyond the coupling line, so that,v when coupled withan adjacent oar it will. be forced rearwardly to a certain etten@ aga-inst lthis spring compression and so' will always -maintainbontact with the buffer of an opposing car. v

A Fig. 1 shows the `position of the' buffer when it is incontact with the buffer of a coupled car, it having been forced rearwardly by the distance against the pres' sure of thesprings G, 7 and `8. The springs 6 and Shave the additional function ofk al lowing either side Aof the bilder plate to yield rearwardly independently of the other and lsoto L maintain Contact with the opposing buHer-platewhen the cars angle with eachother'in passing around curves. The buffer 'plate 2 has slots for the recep'- tin of the bearings 9 and 10 which are formed on the forward ends of the stems 3 and 5,an`d the stem Ll hasat its forward end a rounded bearing llwliich 'fits in the socket 50 12 of the buifer plate' 2, about which lsocket the "buffer plate may-loscillate when the ycars` angle -fwithfeach other. Atthe rear end of4 the 'plunger'lliis a shoulder 13, x'vhichbear's-jv against the spring 7; lying within the socket,

portionllfof thefiontvfollower or wedge'fl Specification of Letters Pate-nt.

Y .As'sIGNoE To THE NATIQNAEMALLEABLE. oasTiNGs COMPANY. .I

Patented 1916, `App1ication1ed;m1y2a, 191e.- serial, 116.712.048.

member 15 of the. friction bu'iier proper.;r

The spring 7 assists the springs 6 and 8 in keeping the buffery plate pressed -outwardly, and also keeps theplunger 4 in tight Contact therewith, and iny position'to transmit heavyv shocks of buili'ng about to be described. v 5

Preferably stems 3 and 5 respectively. a The housingl castintegral with tlm-buffer housing 16 are brackets 17, 17 Vwithin whichV are slid-ably mount-ed the rear ends of the has a central casing or chamber 18, prefer-- 2 ably of cylindrical shape, which has onits interior a hardened steel. hearing surface 19. Bearing against^-the surface 1f) are @a plu-4 rality of sets or' segmental rings 20, and v,

within these segmental rings QOwarethe cone rings 21, which space apart thef'vdiil'erent Y sets ot segmental rings 20, and bearing agamst the rear set of segmental rings is the equalizer follower 22. .Thefront Yfol.-

lower 15 has a rearward? lextension 23 preferably integralv therewith, which enters between the outer inclined wedging faces of the iorexnost set of segments 2 0.v Abut.-

ting aga-inst the rearwardly extending portion .23 of the front followerwl is a sleeve 24, against'the rear end of-wuieh bears the releasing.sp1'ing 25. The sl V shoulder 26' whichv is adapted during thereleasing operation to strike against the foremost cone ring 21.1 The spring, 2,5, at its e 24 has a f rear end bears againstianlabutment Q7 on j the equalizer follower 22,'{The equalizer-` follower 22 has larms 28.-.28 extending at.

right angles to the axisoii thefchamber 18,

which armsl have apertures therein for vthe reception of the plungers @S5-29",', rwhich' i operate in fthe" supplementaryf-chambers 30-30. The plungers have` enlargedjlieads 31-31 at their forward ends, Fand ,are se? cured at theirrear-cnds to the arms '2S-$28',

by means of the pins KA3Q-ft2". Upon the4 plunger-s 29-29 are ,coiled the,springs'Y 3S-33', which bear at their'fforward ends? against the heads 31-.-31,` andai; theirrear.

mentary chambers 30-'301' The housing 16 is pr vvferablji.isupportdf with`the resulting I-be'ams, or otherg supporting m dinarily used for this purpose'.l

The operation ofthe the position shown in Fig. 1.

as follows: When the buiflng plate 2'makes contact with the buffer of .an approaching car it is forced rearwardly against the pressure of the springs (i, 7 and 8 until it occupies pressures which exceed the amount necessary 'to compress the springs to. this extent are thenvtransmitted through direct contact of the central stem or plunger 4 with the front follower 15, which isl caused to move rearwardly, driving its. rearward extension 'back into the chamber 18. vThe follower 15 transmits its lpressure by a wedging action to the i foremost set of segments 20, and this pressure is transmitted from one tothe other throughout the entire series of cones aiid segmental rings, and the entire series is caused to move rearwardly within the casing as the front follower 15 enters the forward end of the lower 22, the rearward movement of which is resisted by the springs 33-33 which bear forwardly against the heads fil-.31', and this resistance is transmittedthrough the equalizer follower 22 to the rearmost set of segments tothe cones and the other sets of segments, lcausing a powerful l frictional engagement between the exterior surface of the segmental rings 20 and the entire cylindrical surface 19 of. the casing, thus exhausting the' force of the buiiin'g shock. This fric-i 'tional engagement of the segments 20 and theinterior surface of the casing increases progressively, since, as the cones and thesegments move rearwardlyin the casing, Vthe springs 313-33 bear lwith increasing pressure on'the heads 31-31,`and this pressure is transmitted through the equalizer 22 to the various frictional-members as described.

After buiiing, the releasing action of `the spring 25 'drives the sleeve 24 forwardly'and `with 'it the front follower 15, thus releasing Y the wedging engagement between the follower 15 and the foremostsegmentalring 20. The shoulder 26 ofthe sleeve 24 then strikes vthe foremost cone 21 and` releases it from 4we dging engagement with the set of segments immediately to the rear. As the greatest amount of pressure is exerted in the for-4 ward part of the casing, [it is not necessary to positively releasilV the wedging engagement betweenv the cones and segments farther to the rear, since they will automatically release themselves whenhthe wedging engagement of the foremostv cones and segments has'been relieved. The action ofthe springs and 8 `.also assists in restoring the buffer plate to its f noriiilal position. q. i

'Many changesl may be madesin theiconstr ction and operation of 'themechanism which I Yhave described and ,shown herein,

- withiiiitdep'artirig fr0msiy-inshtent of AVVhatfI-'claim is:

1. In a shock absorbing mechanism, a friction member rigidly securedto the car lstrucrThe buiiing4 casing, .carrying with it the equalizer folture, sets of friction shoes in slidingcontact transmitting pressure from the compression' springs to ,said frictional parts to cause them to bear against the casing with -a wedging 'frictional engagement;

3. Ina shock absorbing mechanism, a. casing rigidly attached to the car structureland having frictional parts therein, means for wedging the frictional parts against the casing, and a spring member for releasing the wedgmg engagement of the friction parts, saidspring member having a bearing at one end against the wedging means and at its other end against a movable abutment, and moving during bi'iiing in unison with the friction parts, said spring member being normally under initial compression and being adapted to release the 'friction parts by "means of its initial compression."

4. In shock absorbing mechanism, in com bination, a friction chamber, fixed spring i .chambers at the sides thereof, and a mov-- able spring chamber, friction mechanism within the friction chamber, springs within the spring chambers, the'imovable spring 'chamber being adapted to connect the friction mechanism with the springs within the fixed spring chambers.

In shock absorbing mechanism, in coinbination, a friction chamber, fixed spring chambers at the sides thereof, a movable spring chamber adapted to reciprocate withics in the friction chamber, friction mechanism within the friction chamber, springs within the spring chambers, and means for connecting the4 movable spring chamber with `the springs within the fixed .spring chambers.

- In shock absorbing mechanism, in combination, .a friction chamber, springchambersadjacent thereto, friction mechanism within the friction chamber, springs within Y the spring chambers, a movable spring chamber connecting saidys'prings to said friction mechanism, and a `releasing spring within the movable spring chamber adapted for a bodilylrearward movement with the spring chamber.

7;"'In shock absorbing mechanisimin combination, a friction chamber, spring cham- I bers at 'the sides thereof,'friction jme'chanism Within the friction chamber, springs within said spring chambers, a movable spring chamber connected to said springs, and a spring member within the movable spring chamber, said movable spring chamber having a hollow member adapted to eX- tend within the friction chamber and to transmit pressure from the yfriction mechanism to the first-named spring chambers.

8. In shock absorbing mechanism, in combination, a frictionl chamber, fixed spring chambers at the sides thereof, friction mechanism within the friction chamber, springs within the spring chambers, a movable spring chamber, a spring member therein, said. spring member engaging the friction mechanism, the said movable spring chamber having arms, and means connecting the springs Within the fixed spring chambers to said arms.

, 9. In shock absorbing'mechanism, in combination, a friction chamber, fixed spring chambers at the sides thereof and substantially co-eXtensive therewith, friction mechanism within the friction chamber, springs Within the spring chambers, va mechanism connecting said springs with the friction members, said mechanism comprising a mov-- able spring chamber, a spring member within the same, and arms extended from said chamber, the spring member within the movable spring chamber being adapted to restore the friction mechanism to normal position, and the arms being adapted to there-l upon compress the springs within the fixed spring chambers. y

10. In shock absorbing mechanism, a shell, said shell having a vvfriction chamber and fixed spring chambers at the sides thereof, and substantially coeXtensive therewith, friction mechanism within the friction chamber, springs within the spring chambers, a recess in said shell at the ends of the said friction and spring chambers, a movable spring chamber 1n 4said recess and extendmg into the friction chamber, springs within the movable spring chamber, said springs engaging the friction mechanism, and means connecting the movable spring chamber with the springs within the fixed spring chambers.

l1. In shock absorbing mechanism, a shell, friction mechanism within the shell, a` movable spring chamber, a spring within the same,y said spring being in engagement with the friction mechanism, springs within the shell, and means connecting saidlast-mentioned springs to the movable spring cham. ber, the spring within the movable spring chamber being adapted to assist in restoring the friction mechanism to normal position.

12. V In shock absorbing mechanism, a shell having a friction chamber and fixed spring chambers at the side-s of the friction chamber and substantially coextensive therewith, friction mechanism within the friction chamber, springs within the spring chambers,` a movabiieJ spring chamber, springs within the same, bolts passing through the iiXed spring chambers and operatively con- 

